Ce:YAG
Ce:YAG single crystal is a fast decay scintillation material with excellent comprehensive performance, with high light output (20000 photons MeV), fast luminescent decay (~ 70ns), excellent thermal mechanical properties, The peak wavelength of luminescence (540 nm) matches well with the receiving sensitive wavelength of common photomultiplier tube (PMT) and silicon photodiode (PD), good light pulses distinguish between γ rays and α particles, Ce:YAG is suitable for detecting light charged particles such as α particles, electrons and βrays, Especially, the good mechanical properties of Ce:YAG single crystal make it possible to fabricate thin screen with thickness less than 30 um.. Ce:YAG scintillation detectors are widely used in electron microscopy, β and X-ray counting, electronic and X-ray imaging screens and other fields.
Ce:YAG Scintillator Crystal—A fast decay scintillation material used in white LED
Ce:YAG single crystal has obvious absorption peak at 340nm and 460nm, which is the characteristic absorption peak of Ce3+. At present, the emission wavelength of InGaN blue chip used in commercial white LED is 460 nm. The wide absorption band of Ce:YAG single crystal with a central wavelength of 460 nm indicates that it can effectively absorb blue light emitted from blue chip., The blue light emitted by the chip and the yellow light emitted by the Ce:YAG chip are superimposed to form white light. Moreover, Ce:YAG single crystal has good thermal stability, which is particularly important for the manufacture of high-power white LED devices.. With the increase of the thickness of Ce:YAG wafer, the light efficiency of white LED devices packaged with blue chip and Ce:YAG wafer increases gradually, and the color temperature and color rendering index decreases gradually., As the thickness of the wafer increases, the content of Ce3+ increases relatively. The more blue light is absorbed and the more yellow light is emitted, which results in the wafer’s luminescence changing from blue to white to yellow.
Parameter
Chemical formula | Ce:Y3Al5O12 |
Density (g/cm3) | 4.55 |
Melting point (℃) | 1970 |
Hardness (Mho) | 8.5 |
Hygroscopic | No |
Cleavage | No |
Solubility (g/100gH2O) | N/A |
Thermal expansion coeff (C-1) | 8.5*10-6 |
Wavelength(Max. emission) (nm) | 550 |
Wavelength range (nm) | 500-700 |
Decay time (ns) | 70 |
Light yield (photons/keV) | 35 |
Light output relative to Nal(Tl) (%) | 35 |
Refractive index | 1.82@550nm |
Radiation length (cm) | 3.5 |
Optical transmission (um) | TBA |
Transmittance (%) | TBA |
Reflection loss/surface (%) | TBA |
Energy resolution (%) | 7.5 |
Neutron Capture Cross-section (barns) | TBA |
Afterglow (%) | <0.005 at 6 ms |
- Good energy resolution
- Non-hygroscopicity
- Fast decay time
- High mechanical resistance
- High chemical resistance
- CT,PET,SPECT
- β and X-ray counting
- Imaging screens
- White LED lighting
[1] Zhao G , Zeng X , Xu J , et al. Characteristics of large-sized Ce:YAG scintillation crystal grown by temperature gradient technique[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2003, 253(1/4):290-296. |
[2] B Y D A , A G Z , A J X , et al. Color centers and charge state change in Ce:YAG crystals grown by temperature gradient techniques[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2006, 286( 2):476-480. |
[3] Hollerman W A , Allison S W , Goedeke S M , et al. Comparison of fluorescence properties for single crystal and polycrystalline YAG:Ce[J]. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2003, 50(4):p.754-757. |
[4] B X Z A , A G Z , A J X , et al. Effect of air annealing on the spectral properties of Ce:Y3Al5O12 single crystals grown by the temperature gradient technique – ScienceDirect[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2005, 274( 3–4):495-499. |
[5] Effects of annealing on luminescence efficiency of large-size YAG:Ce crystal grown by temperature gradient techniques[J]. Chinese Optics Letters, 2010(02):199-201. |
[6] Yanagida T , Takahashi H , Ito T , et al. Evaluation of properties of YAG (Ce) ceramic crystal scintillators[C]// Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 2004 IEEE. IEEE, 2004. |
[7] Owen J F , Dorain P B , Kobayasi T . Excited‐state absorption in Eu+2: CaF2 and Ce+3: YAG single crystals at 298 and 77 K[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 1981, 52(3):1216-1223. |
[8] Xu J , Dong Y , Zhou G , et al. Gamma-irradiation effects on Ce-doped YAG crystals grown by Cz and TGT method[J]. Optical Materials, 2007, 30(2):234-237. |
[9] M Gong, W Xiang, X Liang,等. Growth and characterization of air annealing Tb-doped YAG:Ce single crystal for white-light-emitting diode[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2015. |
[10] Xu S J . Growth of large-sized Ce:Y3Al5O12 (Ce:YAG) scintillation crystal by the temperature gradient technique (TGT)[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2009. |
[11] BARZOWSKA, JUSTYNA, GRINBERG, et al. HIGH PRESSURE SPECTROSCOPY OF Ce DOPED YAG CRYSTAL.[J]. Radiation Effects & Defects in Solids, 2003. |
[12] Ludziejewski T , M Moszyński, Kapusta M , et al. Investigation of some scintillation properties of YAG:Ce crystals[J]. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, 1997, 398(2-3):287-294. |
[13] Pavlov V V , Semashko V V , Rakhmatullin R M , et al. Investigation of the photoionization of Ce3+ ions in a YAG crystal by microwave resonance technique[J]. Jetp Letters, 2013, 97(1):1-4. |
[14] Zych E , Brecher C , Glodo J . Kinetics of cerium emission in a YAG:Ce single crystal: the role of traps[J]. Journal of Physics Condensed Matter, 2000, 12(8):1947. |
[15] Dong Y , Zhou G , Xu J , et al. Luminescence studies of Ce:YAG using vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation[J]. Materials Research Bulletin, 2006, 41(10):1959-1963. |
[16] Feofilov S P , Kulinkin A B , Gacoin T , et al. Mechanisms for Ce3+ excitation at energies below the zero-phonon line in YAG crystals and nanocrystals[J]. Journal of Luminescence, 2012, 132(11):3082-3088. |
[17] Wen, Deng, Zhenying, et al. Micro-defects and optical properties of YAG:Ce crystals prepared by optical floating zone method[J]. International Journal of Modern Physics B, 2017. |
[18] Schauer P . Optimization of decay kinetics of YAG:Ce single crystal scintillators for S(T)EM electron detectors[J]. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, 2011, 269(21):2572-2577. |
[19] Grinberg M , Sikorska A , Kaczmarek S . Photoacoustic spectroscopy of YAG crystals doped with Ce[J]. Journal of Alloys & Compounds, 2000, 300(none):158-164. |
[20] Lucchini M T , Pauwels K , Blazek K , et al. Radiation Tolerance of LuAG:Ce and YAG:Ce Crystals Under High Levels of Gamma- and Proton-Irradiation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2016, 63(2):586-590. |
[21] Scintillation properties of LuAG:Ce, YAG:Ce and LYSO:Ce crystals for gamma-ray detection[J]. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2009, 56(6):3800-3805. |
[22] Murota R , Kobayashi T , Mita Y . Solid State Light Source Fabricated with YAG:Ce Single Crystal[J]. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2002, 41(8A):L887-L888. |
[23] Juna, Sathian, Jonathan, et al. Solid-state source of intense yellow light based on a Ce:YAG luminescent concentrator[J]. Optics Express, 2017, 25(12):13714-13727. |
[24] 杜勇, 邵冲云, 董永军,等. Spectral investigation of, Ce:YAG (:Pr3+, Eu3+, Gd3+) single crystals and their applications in white LEDs[J]. 中国物理:英文版, 2015, 000(011):1-6. |
[25] Kucerkova, Romana, Rejman, et al. Temperature dependence of CIE-x,y color coordinates in YAG:Ce single crystal phosphor[J]. Journal of Luminescence: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Excited State Processes in Condensed Matter, 2017, 187:20-25. |
[26] G, J, Zhao, et al. Temperature gradient technique (TGT) growth and characterizations of large-sized Ce-doped YAG scintillation crystal[J]. Physica Status Solidi, 2003. |
[27] Zorenko Y , Gorbenko V , Savchyn V , et al. Time-resolved luminescent spectroscopy of YAG:Ce single crystal and single crystalline films[J]. Radiation Measurements, 2010, 45(3-6):395-397. |