GOS
GOS (Gd2O2S, gadolinium oxysulfide) has excellent characteristics such as high light output, high density, short afterglow, etc., and is widely used in medical CT and security CT detectors. GOS is a hexagonal crystal with a wide bandgap structure (4.4~4.8eV), high chemical stability, and is used as a scintillator matrix material. Gd2O2S: Pr, Ce ceramic scintillator has high conversion efficiency for X-rays, and its decay time (t1/10 = 5.5 us) is short, which can realize repeated imaging in a short time. It can be used not only in medical imaging equipment but also in color television picture tubes
Parameter
| Property | Value |
| Materials | Ge2O2S |
| Density (g/cm3) | 7.34 |
| Crystal structure | Hexagonal |
| Lattice parameters | a = b = 3.85827Å, c = 6.666659 Å |
| Hygroscopicity | No |
| Cleavage plane | No |
| Solubility (g/100gH2O) | N/A |
| Property | Value |
| Wavelength(Max. emission) (nm) | 510 |
| Wavelength range (nm) | 400-2000 |
| Decay time | 5.5 |
| Wide-Gap (eV) | 4.6-4.8 |
| Luminescence intensity (keV) | 27.5 |
| X-ray attenuation coefficient (cm-1) | 52 at 70 keV 0.80 at 500 keV |
| Relative light output (%) | 80 |
| Afterglow (%) | < 0.01 |
| Radiation damage (%) | -3 |
 |  |
| GOS Emission Spectrum | GOS Transmission Spectrum |
Feature
- High luminous efficiency
- Low afterglow
- High light output
- High X-ray absorption efficiency
Application
- X-ray CT
- X-ray microscope
- Laser material
Reference
| [1] Greskovich, C, Duclos, et al. CERAMIC SCINTILLATORS.[J]. Annual Review of Materials Science, 1997, 27(1):69-69. |
| [2] Lian J , Sun X , Li J G , et al. Characterization and optical properties of (Gd1x, Prx)2O2S nano-phosphors synthesized using a novel co-precipitation method[J]. Materials Chemistry & Physics, 2010, 122(2-3):354-361. |
| [3] Ito Y , Yamada H , Yoshida M , et al. Hot Isostatic Pressed Gd2O2S:Pr, Ce, F Translucent Scintillator Ceramics for X-Ray Computed Tomography Detectors[J]. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 1988, 27(8):L1371-L1373. |
| [4] Lian J , Sun X , Li J G , et al. Synthesis, characterization and photoluminescence properties of (Gd0.99,Pr0.01)2O2S sub-microphosphor by homogeneous precipitation method[J]. Optical Materials, 2011, 33(4):596-600. |
| [5] Rossner W , Grabmaier B C . Phosphors for X-ray detectors in computed tomography[J]. Journal of Luminescence, 1991, s 48–49(part-P1):29-36. |
| [6] Nakamura R . Improvements in the X‐ray Characteristics of Gd2O2S:Pr Ceramic Scintillators[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2010, 82(9):2407-2410. |
| [7] Yamada H , Susuki A , Uchida, et al. A scintillator Gd sub 2 O sub 2 S:Pr, Ce, F for x-ray computed tomography. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1989. |
| [8] Lei B , Liu Y , Zhang J , et al. Persistent luminescence in rare earth ion-doped gadolinium oxysulfide phosphors[J]. Journal of Alloys & Compounds, 2010, 495(1):247-253. |
| [9] R Martín-Rodríguez, Fischer S , Ivaturi A , et al. Highly Efficient IR to NIR Upconversion in Gd2O2S: Er3+ for Photovoltaic Applications[J]. Chemistry of Materials, 2013, 25(9):1912-1921. |
| [10] Gorokhova E I , Demidenko V A , Eron’Ko S B , et al. Spectrokinetic characteristics of Gd2O2S:Pr, Ce ceramics[J]. Journal of Optical Technology C/c of Opticheskii Zhurnal, 2006, 73(2):130-137. |
| [11] Michail C . Image Quality Assessment of a CMOS/Gd2O2S:Pr,Ce,F X-Ray Sensor[J]. Journal of Sensors, 2015, 637(1):012018. |
| [12] David S , Georgiou M , Loudos G , et al. Evaluation of powder/granular Gd2O2S:Pr scintillator screens in single photon counting mode under 140 keV excitation[J]. Journal of Instrumentation, 2013, 8(1):P01006. |
| [13] Mainprize J G , Yaffe M J . The effect of phosphor persistence on image quality in digital x-ray scanning systems[J]. Medical Physics, 1998, 25(12):2440-2454. |
| [14] Wei, Wang, Yongsheng, et al. Gd2O2S: Pr Scintillation Ceramics from Powder Synthesized by a Novel Carbothermal Reduction Method[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2015. |
| [15] Bolyasnikova L S , Demidenko V A , Eron’Ko S B , et al. Gd2O2S:Pr:Ce optical scintillation ceramics and their properties[J]. Journal of Optical Technology C/c of Opticheskii Zhurnal, 2006, 73(2):138-142. |
| [16] Gorokhova E I , Rodnyi P A , Anan’Eva G V , et al. Scintillation optical ceramics based on Gd2O2S doped with Pr, Tb, or Eu[J]. Journal of Optical Technology C/c of Opticheskii Zhurnal, 2012, 79(1):41-45. |
| [17] Michail C , Valais I , Seferis I , et al. Measurement of the luminescence properties of Gd2O2S:Pr,Ce,F powder scintillators under X-ray radiation[J]. Radiation Measurements, 2014, 70:59-64. |
| [18] Wei W , Hk A , Sl A , et al. Optical and scintillation properties of Gd2O2S: Pr, Ce, F ceramics fabricated by spark plasma sintering – ScienceDirect[J]. Ceramics International, 2015, 41( 2):2576-2581. |
| [19] Wang, Wei, Li, et al. Comparison of the optical and scintillation properties of Gd2O2S: Pr, Ce ceramics fabricated by hot pressing and pressureless sintering[J]. Optical materials, 2015. |
| [20] Song Y , Huang Y , Zhang L , et al. Gd2O2S:Yb,Er submicrospheres with multicolor upconversion fluorescence[J]. RSC Advances, 2012, 2. |
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